Wheat Weed Identification And Management Under Cereal Production System Nepal

Abstract

A survey and weed sampling was carryout in wheat and boro rice1 field to know local knowledge on weed management practices and weed intensity, diversity under rice-maize-wheat cropping system of 25 household (HHs) at Chitwan (Seven VDCs). The survey and field works are carried out more specially at spikelet initiation stage of wheat during February to April, 2011. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Wide range of weeds species were recorded from system. We record more than 38 different weeds species in upland2 (24), lowland3 (38), herbicides applied field (23) and Zero Tillage wheat (28). Chenopodium album, Vicia sativa, Vicia hirsutum, Anagalis arvensis, Oxalis corniculata were major weed on the basis of density and frequency where as Polypogon fudax, Polygonum plebijum, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum, Gnaphalium affine Anagalis arvensis, are major weed in wheat field on the basis of frequency of weed population and density. Higher numbers of wheat tiller and total weed species were counted under lowland conditions. Total weed population was 332.4%, 350%, 165.3% higher in lowland, upland and zero tillage than herbicides applied field respectively. Around 44% farmer used their own seed for wheat sowing by two-three time harrowing and culti4 by using 72%. Broadcasting methods was popular methods of wheat sowing without maintaining row spacing and farmer doesn’t know role of different cultural practices on weed controlling effect on wheat. Only 72% farmers are awarded about yield loss due to weed and degrees of yield lose was 0-25%. Thirty six percent farmers used herbicides on rice and wheat production only even had not quantified rate and herbicides name. Butacllor (In rice) and 2 4 D (In wheat) were popular herbicides. Farmer suggested that Cyperu , Echinochloa, Cynodon dactylon, Cammelina, portulaca, Ludwigia were common weeds of rice and Ageratum, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria, Brachiaria ramossa and Echinochloa were common for maize crop.